Formation of Scientific Fields as a Universal Topological Transition

Scientific discovery and topological transitions in collaboration networks

We analyze the advent and development of eight scientific fields from their inception to maturity and map the evolution of their networks of collaboration over time, measured in terms of co-authorship of scientific papers. We show that as a field develops it undergoes a topological transition in its collaboration structure between a small disconnected graph to a much larger network where a gian...

The Superconductor Insulator Transition

As the thickness or magnetic field is varied in thin films a transition between superconducting and insulating phases takes place. This quantum phase transition obeys scaling relations and occurs at seemingly universal critical resistance. This paper reviews experiments that demonstrate this transition and measure the critical exponents. The microscopic theories are outlined and lead to differe...

Quasar production: Topological defect formation due to a phase transition linked with massive neutrinos.

اشتراک‌گذاری داده‌های پژوهشی: رویکردهای ملی و بین‌المللی

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have significant role in producing research data in different scientific fields. These data not only lead to generate fields based on research data, but also cause to produce a new paradigm or approach in research which is called Fourth Paradigm or Data Intensive Researches. These researches are based on data sharing by researchers, organization...

The Consequences and Achievements of Islamic Revolution in Ayatollah Khamenei`s Thought

Ayatollah Khamenei has viewed the Islamic Revolution to be a fundamental change in values that is accompanied by a change in the hearts of individuals and political, economic and cultural structures. This fundamental change, heppenned with the presence of a mass of people and being of a continuous nature, passes a developing and transendenc-giving direction; the achievements of the revolution i...